Oct 18, 2020 assessment of oil spillage and its control in the oil and gas industry in nigeria. Pdf the purpose of the study was to ascertain the effect of oil spillage on groundwater quality in the oil producing niger delta region of nigeria find, read and cite all the research you. Pdf effects of oil spillage on community development in the. Undp 2006 reports that much of the environmental pollution in the oil producing areas is as a result of oil spillage. The most publicized of all oil spills in nigeria occurred on january 17 1980 when a total of 37. Oil spillage, community relations, environment, perception, ogoni, nigeria. Nigeria has experienced numerous spills from pipelines, terminals and oil platforms. The law that most directly relates specifically to oil spill compensation is the oil pipelines act of 2004, where the holder of an oil mining oar exploration lease is liable to pay compensation to the owners or occupiers for any damage done to buildings, crops or profitable trees. The study uses existing oil spills data to show the areas and extent of oil pollution in the niger delta. Ations%nvironment0rogrammes case study 5 nnpc product line spill 001005 nsisioken.
Officials of shell companies claim that the major part of oil spills is caused by the illegal crude oil production. Article information, pdf download for health risks from environmental. The average number of spills of more than 20 barrels of heavy oil and asphalt was 16 per year, with an average volume of. Oil spillage and its control in the oil and gas industry. This spill occurred as a result of a blow out at funiwa 5 offshore station. A number of federal and state agencies deal with the problems of oil spill in nigeria. According to spdc, containment and recovery of the free phase oil. That location, oil type, the quantity of oil spilled, the rate of spillage, and the clean up strategy used are the five major factors which significantly affect the costs of oil spillage per unit, apart from other minor associated factors. Oil companies frequently assert that most oil spilt is due to sabotage. It therefore becomes highly imperative that more care should be taken in oil spill exploration and exploitation activities.
Daily oil spill incidents have polluted the air, soil, natural vegetation, farmlands, sources of. Oil spill investigations in the niger delta amnesty international usa. Assessment of oil spillage and its control in the oil and gas. Hundreds of oil spills occur in nigeria every year, causing significant harm to the environment, destroying local livelihoods and placing human health at serious risk. Double standards on oil spills in nigeria must end oil.
Management of oil spillage in the niger delta region of nigeria. Pdf donoghue v stevenson and neighbour principle saken. Oil spillage violates some of these local enactments, provides justiciable causes of action by state enforcement authorities for civil and criminal lawsuits. Jun 10, 2012 oil exploration and spillage in the niger delta of nigeria 1. Since the discovery of oil in 1956, nigeria has put in place a number of government bodies, laws, and regulations to govern the extractive industry and its impacts, including preventing and addressing oil spills. Effects of oil spillage on community development in the niger. The funiwa5 1980 oil well blowout involved the release of over 54,000 tonnes of crude oil which caused extensive damage to mangroves. This paper evaluates health risk communication in the oil rich niger delta region of. Furthermore, apart from the mechanical and chemical oil spill cleaning methods that have been used in managing oil spill problems, oil spill models have on several occasions being used to manage oil spills on the nigerian coast.
Some major spills in the coastal zone are the gocons escravos spill in 1978 of about 300,000 barrels, spdcs forcados terminal tank failure in 1978 of about 580,000 barrels. Abstract the physical presence of the oil industry in nigeria is so large and has resulted in a lot of activities in the upstream sector which has deleterious effects on ecosystem stability and local biodiversity which the peoples livelihoods depend upon. Original research oil spill influence on vegetation in. Every year there are hundreds of spills in the niger delta, but cleanups are. Pdf oil spill incidents and pipeline vandalization in. Pdf denying oil exploitation and corruption in the niger. Spill was contained on 14 jan 2018, recovery completed on 16 jan 2018, assessment completed on 15 oct 2018, cleanup and remediation planned to be completed in oct 2021 stated timeline for cleanup is as agreed between napims, dpr,nosdra,bodo and community representatives. Download free pdf effects of oil spillage on community development in the niger delta region. Amnesty international 20 bad information, oil spill investigations in t. Oil exploration, environmental degradation, and future. Oil spills include releases of crude oil from tankers, offshore platforms, drilling.
National oil spill, detection and response agency nosdra alerted with a recent aid through data acquisition in monitoring of oil spill from january 20 to september 2014 reveals that there were 1,930 oil spill incidents in the. Nigeria, including exploration, production, terminal operations, hydrocarbon processing plants, oil. The term often refers to marine oil spills, where oil is released into the ocean or coastal waters. The human security implications of oil spillage in niger delta, nigeria. Oil spillage and its control in the oil and gas industry in. Visio was used for the design of the entity relationship er diagram of the study. The effects of oil spillage in the niger delta a case study of ughelli south local government area of delta state table of content chapter one introduction 1.
During a spill, oil floats on land and water surface and forms an oil slick that is about 0. Nigeria records 1,300 oil spills in two years punch newspapers. Introduction oil spillage is a global issue that has been occurring since the discovery of crude oil, which was part of the industrial revolution. An indirect assessment of the effects of oil pollution on the diversity. Mutiu sunmonu, managing director of shell in nigeria, have been protecting the interests of the company for many years. Over 1,300 oil spill incidents occurred in various parts of nigeria between 2018 and 2019, latest figures compiled by the national oil spill detection and response agency. Ng is an academic website built in nigeria that is registered with the corporate affairs commission cac. Dec, 2019 the oil generating organisations in nigeria should comply to international best practices in exploitation of oil and the nigerian government should go past the limits of directive and control methodology to contamination abatement and embrace different suitable technology for oil spill control as well as involving inhabitants of the niger delta. Pdf oil spillage in the nigerdelta region of nigeria. The compensation of these victims has become clumsy and dark in the wake of oil bunkering, pipeline vandalism, sabotage, since in the past, oil spill was as a result of the activities of the oil companies or operators. The basis for this claim is the outcome of oil spill investigations in the niger delta. Shell and other oil companiesthe story began when shell and other oil companies more than 70 years ago signed contracts with nigerian government for the exploration and production of oil in nigeria. Oil spillage has also caused regional crisis in the. This paper assessed the effects of oil spillage on community development in the niger delta region of nigeria with a view to determine its adverse effects on poverty and hunger and its eradication in the region.
Pdf oil spillage in nigerias upstream petroleum sector. Indeed, oil which has changed the socioeconomic landscape of nigeria and the thought pattern of nigerians was first discovered in akwa ibom state. The issue of oil spillage is a common phenomena in the niger delta region, more than any other part of nigeria. Pdf oil spill problems and management in the niger delta. It is interesting that the same report states 40% of all shells oil spills occurred in nigeria alone. The findings revealed that oil spillage is still ongoing in ogoni and it constitutes a major cause of conflicts with the oil company. Pdf effects of oil spillage on community development in. Pdf effects of oil spillage on groundwater quality in. There are many documented cases of oil spillage in the niger delta region, southern.
It is possible to enhance the degradation of oil in the 17 yr old spillage by adopting bioremediation. Daily oil spill incidents have polluted the air, soil, natural vegetation, farmlands, sources of drinking water, and fishing creeks. These spills are caused by corrosion, poor maintenance of oil infrastructure, equipment failure, sabotage and theft of oil. The coastal area of the niger delta is the home to oil explorations and exploitations in nigeria. As of january 2009 the oil and gas journal ogj estimates that nigeria has 36. The incessant oil spillage in the oil producing area of warri and its surroundings has led to the downturn of growth of main economic plants which is as a result in the depletion of soil nutrients that are responsible for the growth of these vegetation. Oil spills are one of the main sources of environmental contamination in the country. Bn 2546302 with over 20,000 research material guides. Pdf the human security implications of oil spillage in.
Mar 26, 2019 oil spills are a persistent feature of life in bayelsa. This open access senior thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the. Impacts and management of oil spill pollution along the. Effects of oil spillage on community development in the. Hazardous wastes management 168 appendix viiic1 material safety 177. Oloibiri in bayelsa state was rather the first place that oil was found in commercial quantity and indeed the first site from where the product was exported akpan. Effect of oil spills on infant mortality in nigeria pnas. Floating oil spills seldom have significant impacts on watercolumn and benthic resources. Environmental guidelines and standards nigerian gas flare.
Environmental and human impacts of oil extraction in the niger delta. According to him, most of the oil spillage africa nigeria is caused by sabotage and the illegal oil production. The paper opined that majority of oil spills in nigeria are not usually addressed in the light of. While 4m litres of oil are spilled annually in the us, 40m litres are spilled in the niger delta. The effects of oil spillage in the niger delta education. Oil spill is a term used in the industry to indicate the release of crude oil or its fractions into the environment. Pdf effects of oil spillage on groundwater quality in nigeria. Oil spillage in nigerias upstream petroleum sector. Geospatial analysis was used to design an oil spill data base comprising the logical, physical, and conceptual data base design. Health risks from environmental degradation in the niger delta. Oil spillage in the niger delta region in nigeria the niger delta region in nigeria is 20,000 square kilometers a wetland of 70,000 square kilometers formed by sediment deposition. Oil exploration and spillage in the niger delta of nigeria adati ayuba kadafa department of environmental management, faculty of environmental studies, universiti putra malaysia.
Assessment of oil spillage and its control in the oil and gas industry in nigeria with abstract, chapters 15, references, and questionnaire. Appendix viiib2 form a oil spillage leakage notification report 158 form b oil spillage leakage report 159 form c oil spillage responsecleanup report 161 appendix viiib3 oil chemical spill and contamination cleanup certification form 163 c. A detailed piece of research, sponsored by sdn, reveals that there are numerous laws, which are often contradictory, while the same damage is compensated if at all with greatly varying amounts of money. Oil spill problems and management in the niger delta. An oil spill according to osuji, 2004, is a release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment due to human activity, and is a form of pollution. The cost of oil spillage and gas flaring on the socio. Nosdra recruitment 20212022 latest application form. Apr 29, 2020 the nigeria bureau of statistics nbs states that crude oil export accounted for n3.
The inquiries of the interview were intended to run across the effectiveness of management approaches to oil spill in nigeria such as training, technologies and policies set up for overseeing oil spill. Implications for the eradication of poverty and hunger millennium development goal one in nigeria solomon kante. Oil spillage incidents in nigeria s upstream petroleum sector mobil producing nigeria unlimited was fined ten million naira by national oil spill, detection and response agency for infringement of the provisions of oil spill recovery, clean up, remediation and damage assessment regulations 2011 and for failure to clean up the oil spill. Oil exploration and spillage in the niger delta of nigeria 1. Pollution and environmental damage in the niger delta. According to ikporukpo, 2000, 98% of the transportation of crude oil in nigeria, take place within the niger delta region because of the numerous oil fields, flow stations and. Oil exploration and poverty in the niger delta region of. It is part of ongoing work by amnesty international and the centre for the environment, human rights and development cehrd to expose and challenge the human rights impacts of oil pollution in the niger delta. Management of oil spillage in the niger delta region of. Phd dissertation sustainable environmental management. The number of incidences of oil spill recorded by shell nigeria reduced within the period of 2007 to 20 from 320 to 200 respectively. We study how onshore oil spills affect neonatal and infant mortality by combining spatial data from the nigerian oil spill monitor with. Oil spills have occurred over the year in the niger delta and wetland. An assessment on the effect of oil spillage on mangrove in.
There are dozens of laws, regulations, and policies pertaining directly to the extractive industry. Nigeria is facing some serious environmental challenges due to frequent oil spills, especially in the niger delta. The total spillage of petroleum into the oceans, seas and rivers through human activities is estimated to. Shell nigeria has a record of oil spill amounting to about 3. This study reveals that in case of any major oil spill from any of the six fpsos, the probability that the oil spill will get to the shore is very high. Form c oil spillage responsecleanup report 161 appendix viiib3 oil chemical spill and contamination cleanup certification form 163 c. Negligence in the niger delta amnesty international. Spills are potentially the most devastating on agricultural land and water resources. Hundreds of oil spills occur in nigeria every year, causing significant harm to the. Mar 26, 2019 contaminated land surrounds the bomu manifold, an oil facility at kegbara dere, nigeria, years after spills occurred.
It is home to 20 million nigerians from 40 different ethnic groups, several. The community is also irk with spdcs community relations activities in dealing with the spillages. The most publicised of all oil spills in nigeria occurred on january 17 1980 when a total of 37. Oil spillage is an environmental problem in nigeria. Our primary objective is to assist and guide final year students with well researched and quality project topics, project works, research guides, and project materials, at a very reduced and affordable pr.
1052 1544 1766 484 129 779 1446 1810 915 1295 241 8 1746 654 1225 222 809 160 578 172